ABSTRACT: In China’s governance structure, county-level administrative units are at the key link linking urban and rural areas. This special location shapes the unique emergency management mode of the county and determines the generation mechanism of the emergency management performance of the county. Combined with Riggs’s administrative ecology theory, this study summarizes the influencing factors of county emergency management performance into normative constraints, human political factors, cooperation political factors and charm political factors. On this basis, this study exploratively combines these four influencing factors with the structural equation model. The results show that the path coefficients between normative constraints, favor politics, cooperation politics, charm politics and emergency management performance are 0.409, 0.087, 0.246, and 0.253, respectively. Normative constraints under modernity have a strong influence on improving county emergency management performance. The traditional favor politics, cooperation politics and charm politics can also coexist with modern factors, and have a positive effect on the county emergency management performance. The discussion held that the county emergency management model is a prismatic model, which is a specific form of emergency management organization operation and power distribution in the current process of accelerated social transformation in China. This model provides a “county sample” for the “governance of China” in the new era in the modernization of emergency management systems and capabilities.