Of those working in the coal mining industry, more than 60% of them are in hazardous and heavy-duty positions in China. The coal mining industry is the most urgent need to carry out a large-scale "machine replacement of human" high-risk industries. China's coal mine robot research and development started late, the earliest to achieve a breakthrough in the development of coal mine rescue detection robot. In recent years, the development of various types of coal mine inspection robots and robots for coal mining, excavation and transportation is more mature. With the in-depth research on coal mine robots, the application of key technologies such as complex mechanism design, autonomous environment perception, autonomous learning and control operations, and special design in coal mine environments has made coal mine robots more and more adaptable and reliable. In the future, coal mine robots will continue to develop in the direction of intelligent information fusion of multi-sensor, multi-robot collaborative work, as well as intelligence, miniaturization and modularity.